EARTH SCIENCE

Wednesday, 11 June 2014

This site is about earth science and the facts about the earth like its layers, tectonic plates and the theories involved with it. This project is based on a few learning outcomes of the Ch.12 in the B.C. Science 10 textbook. Enjoy!

Bibliography:

"Plate Tectonics and Euler Poles." UCL. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 June 2014.

Sandner, Lionel. BC Science 10. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson, 2008. Print.

Spencer, Charles. Plate Tectonics: Theory, Definition & Quiz. Digital image.Educational Portal. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 June 2014.

Continental Drift. Digital image. Wikipedia. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 June 2014.

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VOCABULARY

asthenosphere: a partly molten layer in Earth's upper mantle just below the lithosphere

continental drift theory:the theory that the continents have not always been in their present locations but have moved there over millions of years

converging plates:tectonic plates that are colliding

diverging plates:tectonic plates that are spreading apart

fault: large breaks in rock layers

hot spot: an area where molten rock rises to earth's surface

inner core: Earth's solid centre

lithosphere: the layer of Earth made up of crust and uppermost mantle

mantle: Earth's thickest layer, lying just below the crust and making up 70% of earth's volume.

mantle convection:when a current heats up a material, making it rise upward, as colder material falls downward. This creates an ongoing cycle that is also horizontal.

epicentre: The point on Earth's surface directly above the focus where and earthquake starts

outer core: The layer below earth's mantle

earthquakes: a sudden ground-shaking release of energy built at or under earth's surface

paleoglaciation: the extent of ancient glaciers and the rock markings they left behind

plate boundary: the region where two tectonic plates are in contact

plate tectonic theory: the theory that the lithosphere is broken up into large plates that move and rejoin; considered the unifying theory of geology

primary waves: a type of seismic body wave

ridge push: the process in which new material at a ridge or rift pushes older material aside, moving plates away

slab pull: When a tectonic plate is subducted underneath the crust, into the mantle

rift valley: a steep-sided valley formed on land when magma rises to earth's surface at a spreading centre

secondary waves: another type of seismic body wave

spreading ridge: the region where magma breaks through Earth's surface, continually forcing apart old rock and forming a new ocean floor

subduction zone: areas of subduction, which typically experience large earthquakes and volcanic eruptions

surface waves: seismic wakes that ripple along Earth's surface

tectonic plates: the large slabs of rock that form Earth's surface, moving over a layer of partly molten rock

transform fault: a fault that occurs at a transform plate boundary

trench: a deep underwater valley that is formed when an oceanic plate collides with a continental plate and is forced to slide beneath it

volcanic belt: a long chain of volcanos

volcanic island arc: a long chain of volcanic islands

volcanoes: openings in the earth's surface that spew molten rock

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Wednesday, 11 June 2014

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